Possible dumb question: Does the machine you're running the server on have a static ip address? It should.
There is an interface eth0 which has a dynamic address.
The interfaces that dhcpd should listen are tun0, tun1 and so forth created bye qemu. These interfaces have each a static distinct address. The address depends on the number of the interface.
Yes. It was the 'SELinux protection for dhcpd daemon'. After disabling it the dhcpd server can start as expected.
This feature can also be accessed in Gnome under Desktop -> System Settings -> Security Level -> SELinux -> Modify SELinux Policy -> SELinux Service Protection.